Graph theory gained initial prominence in science and engineering through its strong links with matrix algebra and computer science. Moreover, the structure of the mathematics is well suited to that of engineering problems in analysis and design. Th e methods of analysis in this book employ matrix algebra, graph theory and meta-heuristic algorithms, which are ideally suited for modern computational mechanics. Effi cient methods are presented that lead to highly sparse and banded structural matrices. The main features of the book include: application of graph theory for effi cient analysis ; extension of the force method to fi nite element analysis; application of meta-heuristic algorithms to ordering and decomposition (sparse matrix technology); effi cient use of symmetry and regularity in the force method; and simultaneous analysis and design of structures.