International Journal of

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After disasters, one of the main challenges confronting authorities is site selection for reconstructing damaged structures. Experiences indicate that appropriate policies in site-selection could greatly influence on reconstruction success and residents' satisfaction. Meanwhile, in literature related to post disaster reconstruction, avoiding from relocating settlements is generally emphasized. However, when relocation is inevitable, adopting proper procedures is necessary to gain success. This article is about reconstruction of Rofayye' -a town in Khuzestan Province of Iran- after the Iran-Iraq war, which is a distinguished experiment from different aspects. Then all the town's components relocated from their situation, but in newly built city, still every part has an identifiable vestige of the former Rofayye', that’s why some researchers considered it as "in-placement" by mistake. In this article, the narrative of annihilation and recreation of Rofayye' is described and important specifications which are considered when dealing with urban planning and design are explained. The main issues include preservation of formal fabric structure, neighboring pattern, tribal territories, former plot areas, and situation of distinguished urban elements. Moreover, providing urban standards and properly allocating responsibilities between authorities and residents were considerable. The article is based on an intensive research and practice done during Rofayye' reconstruction in 1980's. The research performed by qualitative method through extensive field study and analysis of maps, documents, and pictures. It is hoped that study of the instructive points of this experiment lead to improved future reconstruction programs.

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Neighborhood parks are important as spaces of residential neighborhoods where part of the daily interactions of residents take place. Hence, the study of environmental quality of the behavioral settings in which they are formed can be considered a suitable indicator to measure environmental quality with behavioral patterns. In order to intervene or adopt strategies in the design and planning of neighborhood parks, behavioral settings offer appropriate indicators. The present study has a combined strategy (qualitative and case study) with an analytical-descriptive approach. The paper evaluates the quality of behavioral settings in a selected neighborhood park (SEKONJ of Shiraz) in three steps. In the first step, the basics and conceptual framework are discussed and in the next step, two components, namely physical (welfare, recreational facilities, and site features) and social (social interactions) are introduced to measure the quality of the setting in neighborhood parks. In the third step of the research, two tactics of semi-structured interview (40 participants) and behavioral mapping (using filming and observation techniques) are used together to collect data. In addition, in this stage using the components expressed in the second step, the quality of behavioral settings in the selected neighborhood park is analyzed. The results of the findings indicate that there is some synomorphy between the behavioral pattern of “recreation” and the physical environment, but the behavioral pattern of “children's play” is not consistent with the physical milieu. Finally, planning and design guidelines and strategies to improve the environmental quality of neighborhood parks are proposed.