Safora Sadra, Amir Shakibamanesh,
Volume 34, Issue 4 (10-2024)
Abstract
This study investigates how urban wall design characteristics affect pedestrians' perceptions of calmness and attention. Utilizing the portable EEG device Neurosky, the research translates brain wave activity into measurable emotional states, such as calmness and excitement, and attention levels. Employing virtual 3D interactive simulations, the study controls both physical and non-physical variables to isolate the effects of design elements. The analysis focuses on three key variables—scale, transparency, and continuity—revealing significant findings. Low wall height, fine-grained elements, continuous structures, and wider pathways enhance pedestrian calmness while reducing attention levels. In contrast, high wall heights, discontinuous or protruding features, opaque materials, and coarse-grained designs heighten attention but diminish calmness. These results underscore the dynamic interplay between individuals and their urban environment, highlighting the critical role of urban wall design in shaping psychological well-being. By offering evidence-based insights, this research informs urban design practices to create environments that foster comfort and engagement while minimizing stress.
