Showing 3 results for Dome
E. Mousavian, F. Mehdizadeh Saradj,
Volume 26, Issue 2 (12-2016)
Abstract
Early design decisions made on building configuration and spatial design affect seismic behavior of buildings. Therefore introducing design guidelines and empirical methods implemented to assess seismic behavior of buildings have been proposed as an appropriate approach. Such concept helps architects to take into the consideration that how their preliminary design decisions influence downstream structural results. In previous efforts guidelines for seismic assessment of irregular buildings configuration and also torsional effect of interior walls-layout have been introduced. While seismic effects of the adjacency in spatial units and associated structural systems are almost ignored. This paper tries to show how spatial layout and specifically adjacency of spatial units affect the seismic behavior of a building when (1) the roofing systems are non-uniform and (2) specific spatial units correspond to the specific types of roofs with specific seismic behavior. The paper focuses on masonry buildings with curved roofing systems. To develop guidelines and empirical methods, we selected conventional masonry residential buildings implemented in central arid and semi-arid zones of Iran, traditionally, as case study. Two approaches have been proposed in the form of seismic guidelines and empirical methods. First, a method is introduced to show how adjacency of spatial units and associated vaults with different seismic vulnerability can affect the vulnerability of whole structure according to the effect of “successive damage”. An empirical method is also proposed to estimate the value and shape of distribution of lateral forces on load-bearing walls transferred by adjacent curved roofs, since lateral forces increase seismic vulnerability of load-bearing walls
Ahmad Danaeinia, Majid Heydari Dehcheshmeh, Soroush Rahman,
Volume 30, Issue 1 (6-2020)
Abstract
In the architecture of the mosque, the light entering into the dome is a functional necessity and due to the structure, the weight of the dome and its one or more shells has caused limitations in any kind of skylights to be encumbered. The research main question is that due to the mechanism of the dome parts, how the creation and the entering of skylights to the dome were done. The research method is a combination of both quantitative and qualitative methods. Initially, based on library studies, researcher's opinions were investigated and by analyzing 14 types of mosques from the Seljuk to the Qajar era in Iran, analyzes on how to create skylights through the dome were accomplished. This research answer two essential questions which are what principles had been followed for locating skylight in the dome? Moreover, how did light enter through the dome, in one-shell and two-shell domes? The findings show that in the one-shell domes, the position of the skylight is variable. In detached two-shell domes, the skylights are placed merely in 45° areas and are not limited in terms of numbers. Conclusions state that one-shell domes had a restriction to the number of skylights, in comparison to the two-shell domes. In detached two-shell domes, lighting was possible until the 22.5° area and considering no limitations, there has been no skylight in the area between 67.5° to 90° apart from a few exceptions.
Sajad Moazen, Avideh Kamrani, Hosein Raie,
Volume 34, Issue 2 (4-2024)
Abstract
Shrines, as part of the most magnificent works of Islamic art, not only play an essential role in the social life of cities but also reflect the architecture and arts of their time. Sometimes, these buildings are grouped and have been constructed over various periods. In the present study, the shrine of Al-Kadhimiya is examined. The
Al-Kadhimiya shrine complex, located in Baghdad, includes the tombs of two Shiite Imams. The construction of this complex began in the ninth century. The oldest inscription in this collection dates back to 1519 AD. According to historical evidence, the structure was built during the Safavid period. However, the construction rules, proportions, and principles of covering the space, as well as the design of the dome and the surrounding porch, incorporate pre-Safavid (Azeri) and Timurid art styles. This raises the question: how can a comparative study of the dome of the Al-Kadhimiya shrine with similar examples from the Timurid period prove that the change in artistic styles is a gradual process and not necessarily subject to changes in government? Therefore, this study examines the following hypothesis: the historical discontinuation of governments does not directly affect the architectural structures related to the subsequent period, which instead follow a gradual developmental course. This article employs a historical research method and comparative analysis. It compares the Al-Kadhimiya shrine with two complexes: the shrine of the eighth Imam of the Shiites in Mashhad, Iran, and the tomb of Shah Nematullah Vali in Kerman, Iran, as well as other Timurid domes. The results indicate that architectural techniques and structures are not necessarily updated with changes in government but follow a gradual process.
