International Journal of

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High temperature and air pollution are the most important limitations of providing fresh air in the hot-humid climate of Asalouye City. This leads to the continuous use of mechanical cooling by the residents, and consequently, increases energy consumption and decreases the indoor air quality. Particulate Matter, Volatile Organic Compounds, and microorganisms are the three main categories of air pollutants. Fiber filters and Electro-filters are the most common methods of purifying PMs from the air. High efficiency, removal of a wide range of particles, low-pressure drop, and no need for replacement are the advantages of the electrostatic method. In this study, through simulation in Ansys-Fluent 2021 software, the performance of a cooling system which is designed with the combination of a window, an electrostatic precipitator, a cooling coil, and an exhaust fan was checked in reducing the concentration of PMs and pre-cooling the air before entering the building and providing the standard ventilation rate. The findings showed that at the air speed of 1^m/s and 6^m/s, the system can completely remove copper, nickel, and sulfur particles with a diameter of 0.1^µ and 10^µ. In addition, the distance between the air inlet of the system (window opening) and its air outlet (where air enters the interior) affects the reduction level of particles. The proposed cooling coil can reduce the air temperature by only 2^°C. If there is no wind, an exhaust fan that provides a pressure jump equal to 250^Pa to 500^Pa will cause the airflow and provide the standard ventilation rate.

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This study investigated the role of different indexes in open spaces of residential buildings in Tabriz, Iran. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the indexes with a higher level of effectiveness. Using a quantitative method, both descriptive and analytical data were entered into  SPSS, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was done using Smart PLS software. The case study included open spaces in Tabriz. The sample included 380 inhabitants of Tabriz residential buildings. The indexes were divided into two groups of central indexes and dispersion indexes. The important factor in central indexes was average; meanwhile, variance and standard deviation were the determinative factors in the peripheral indexes. Cultural anthropology of buildings’ open spaces showed that FA in emotional indexes and culture of open spaces grading had the highest level. Perceptional indexes were in the medium level, and physical indexes had the lowest level. Finally, the common classification of indexes included inspirations, memories, dreams, feelings, failure, thrill, ownership, sense of power, safety and security, and disappointment. A special attention should be paid to different dimensions such as cultural anthropology and issues related to human beings in public spaces, which cannot be solved with a single approach. Further studies are required to confirm the findings of this study in other cities and different cultural and societal levels and contexts.

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Noise annoyance is a sensitive indicator of adverse noise effects and by itself means that noise affects people’s quality of life. In fact the acoustic environment has been neglected during the education of building engineers and architects relative to the thermal and lighting aspects addressed in education programs. This study aimed to investigate various non-acoustic factors on the annoyance caused by environmental noise in residential apartments. The surveys were conducted in Iran, city of Tabriz in October and November 2019. This research is descriptive-analytical and the type of research is correlational and causal. The statistical population of this study has formed the residents of different towers of Aseman-e Tabriz Residential Complex, which was selected as the sample size by using 373 Cochran's formula. The way of selecting sample people is randomly simple. The validity of the questionnaire has been confirmed by the professors and the reliability of the questionnaire has been obtained using Cronbach's special alpha formula for the variables in total equal to 0.857, and the variables of the situational section 0.902. Among all variables of the study, only four variables of fear with the 12.93% of variance changes, sensitivity to noise with the 11.85%, health issues of the residents with the 12.25%, satisfaction with the quality of construction and insulation with the 12.53% are the main factors influencing.

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Social stratification engenders intricate disparities within social strata, denoted as "differentiation" in accordance with Pierre Bourdieu's conceptual framework. Consequently, urban buildings exhibit diverse facades, thereby exerting a profound influence on the city's aesthetic presentation. This study elucidates the pivotal role assumed by architects in aligning residential building facades with the discernment of citizens, drawing from Bourdieu's differentiation theory. Employing an applied and qualitative approach, the research method underscores the purposeful nature of the inquiry. The findings of this research categorize the perspectives of most Iranian architects on the notion of "citizen's taste in residential buildings" into four overarching themes: "building structure," "facade harmony with climate," "facade alignment with building function," and "visual aesthetic appeal of the facade".