---

This paper presents a description of the equipment, testing procedure, and methodology to obtain ground

mechanical parameters. The p-y curves for laterally loaded piles are developed. Methods for the development of p-y

curves from pressure meter and dilatometer (DMT) test are described. P-y curves are used in the analysis to represent

lateral soil-pile interaction. The pressure meter offers an almost ideal in-situ modeling tool for determining directly

the p-y curves for the design of deep foundations. As the pressure meter can be driven into the soil, the results can be

used to model a displacement pile. DMT tests were performed for comparisons with PPMT tests. Correlations were

developed between the PPMT and DMT results, indicating a consistency in soil parameters values. Comparisons

between PPMT and DMT p-y curves were developed based on the ultimate soil resistance, the slope of the initial

portion of the curves, and the shape of the curves. The initial slope shows a good agreement between PPMT and DMT

results. The predicted DMT and PPMT ultimate loads are not similar, while the predicted PPMT and DMT deflections

within the elastic range are identical.

---

In this paper, different aspects of the behavior of 2×2 pile groups under liquefaction-induced lateral spreading in a 3-layer soil profile is investigated using large scale 1-g shake table test. Different parameters of the response of soil and piles including time-histories of accelerations, pore water pressures, displacements and bending moments are presented and discussed in the paper. In addition, distribution of lateral forces due to lateral spreading on individual piles of the groups is investigated in detail. The results show that total lateral forces on the piles are influenced by the shadow effect as well as the superstructure mass attached to the pile cap. It was also found that lateral forces exerted on the piles in the lower half of the liquefied layer are significantly larger than those recommended by the design code. Based on the numerical analyses performed, it is shown that the displacement based method is more capable of predicting the pile group behavior in this experiment comparing to the force based method provided that the model parameters are tuned.