International Journal of Industrial Engineering & Production Research

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Fuzzy Logic is one of the concepts that has created different scientific attitudes by entering into various professional fields nowadays and in some cases has made remarkable effects on the results of the practical researches. However, the existence of stochastic and uncertain situations in risk and accident field, affects the possibility of the forecasting and preventing the occurrence of the accident and the undesired results of it.

In this paper, fuzzy approach is used for risk evaluating and forecasting, in accidents caused by working with vehicles such as lift truck. Basically, by using fuzzy rules in forecasting various accident scenarios, considering all input variables of research problem, the uncertainty space in the research subject is reduced to the possible minimum state and a better capability of accident forecasting is created in comparison to the classic two-valued situations. This new approach helps the senior managers make decisions in risk and accident management with stronger scientific support and more reliably.

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Abstract Project management in construction industry, in many cases, is imperfect with respect to the integration of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) risks. This imperfection exhibits itself as complications affecting the riskiness of industrial procedures and is illustrated usually by poor awareness of OHS within project teams. Difficulties on OHS regularly came about in the construction industry. The integration of OHS risk is not systematic in construction areas in spite of progressing laws and management systems. As project safety and risk evaluation in construction industry is an important issue, thus, the way on doing evaluation and liability of estimation is necessary. In this paper, we propose a new systematic approach based on Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) for integrating occupational health and safety into project risk evaluation. This approach tries to identify and evaluate reinforcement effects in a systematic approach for integrating OHS risks into project risk assessment. Furthermore, the proposed method allows evaluating and comparing OHS risks before and after the mitigation plan. A case study is used to prove the workability, credibility of the risk evaluation approach and uncomplicated integration of OHS risks at a construction project. This approach enables continual revaluation of criteria over the direction of the project or when new information is obtained. This model enables the decision makers such as project managers to integrate OHS risks toward schedule plan and compare them before and after the mitigation plan. The mentioned model is found to be useful for predicting OHS risks in construction industries and thus avoiding accidents over the path of the project.

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Sustainability is now increasingly recognized as an effective strategy to deal with the current challenges of global supply chains. Supply chains of the lead and zinc industries are most important. Because these two industries not only are among the high-risk in different countries, including Iran, but also can affect economic, social, and environmental sustainability. On the other hand, identifying and assessing the critical risks of supply chains have been less addressed in recent studies. This study aimed to identify and assess critical risks of sustainable supply chains (SSCs) in the Iranian lead and zinc industry. This study was a mixed-method (qualitative and quantitative) descriptive survey. Based on the literature, 24 risk factors that affect supply chain sustainability were identified, out of which 20 critical risk factors were confirmed in two steps by reviewing experts’ comments and the data obtained from in-depth interviews and questionnaires. The validity of questionnaires is verified based on the opinions of a group of 5 experts in the first step and another group of 17 experts and professionals of the lead and zinc industry in the second. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the questionnaires was calculated to be 0.837, indicating the reliability of the questionnaires. The risk factors were analyzed using the Risk Priority Number (RPN), fuzzy DEMATEL, and risk matrices. Based on the results, “lack of technological/knowledge sustainability”, “price and cost fluctuations”, “inflation and exchange rates” and “environmental pollution” were the most important risk factors in the supply chain of the Iranian lead and zinc industry.

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In today's world, COVID-19 pandemic has affected many organizations. Pandemic issues have created financial and social problems for businesses. Crisis and risk management have a significant impact on reducing consequences of pandemics. Rapid response to risk enhances the performance of organizations in times of crisis. Therefore, a framework to provide risk treatment in a pandemic crisis seems essential. To do this, this paper presents a framework to identify risk factors posed by pandemics. In this regard comprehensive risk factors by considering sustainability concept are illustrated for university. Then, identified risk factors are evaluated by best–worst methodology (BWM) and then the important risks are recognized. Using the importance of risk and the strengths and weaknesses of the business, solutions to reduce the impact of risk are suggested to managers. The results of this paper can be used in order to enhance resiliency of the organization in front of the pandemics from social and financial viewpoints.