Journal of Researches in Islamic Architecture

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Two methods, periodic or quasi-periodic, are used to cover surfaces with geometric shapes. In the periodic method, the unit of repetition is based on transitional symmetry; But the quasi-periodic method lacks transitional symmetry and is much more complex than the periodic method. Quasi-periodic order is also one of the micro-scale arrangements found in natural materials. Quasi -crystals -materials of this order that were discovered in the late twentieth century- exhibit a special symmetry and violate the rules of conventional crystallography, which are based on transitional symmetry. Recent research in this field shows that Iranian architects have long been familiar with the quasi-periodic order. The use of this order has so far been proven in the decoration of three historical monuments of Iran, the oldest of which is the Gonbad-e-kabood of Maragheh and belongs to the late sixth century AH (late Seljuk era (Seljuks of Iraq)). The main question of the research is whether there is another (older) building in Iran that has decorations with a quasi-periodic order? This article, with the hypothesis that Iranian architects have been familiar with this particular geometric order at least since the early Seljuk period, aims to study the knotted decorations of the Taj al-Molk dome (481 AH), which is one of the most important buildings of this era. Is, put. Research method This article is based on descriptive-analytical research method and logical reasoning; according to which, the geometric infrastructure network in the knotted decorations of the previously studied buildings has been compared and has become the basis for achieving new results in this research. Comparing the order in the designs of Taj Al-Molk dome with the structure of quasi-crystals, it was found that at least one of its internal nodes has an arrangement with a quasi-periodic order (of the seventh-degree rotational symmetry type). Thus, this is the oldest architectural example of the art of geometry with quasi-periodic order in Iran, which has been identified and introduced so far, and the use of quasi-periodic order in Iranian architecture dates back to the late fifth century AH.

Keywords: Geometric decorations, knotting, quasi-periodic order, quasi-crystal, gonbad Taj Al-Molk

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