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Evaluation of Visual-Physical Integration Conditions of Valuable Heritage Complex using Heritage Impact Assessment (HIA) Method (Case Study: Zandieh's Shiraz Complex)
Ph.d Mahsa Sholeh, Ph.d Maryam Roosta, Zahra Hedayatimoghadam,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (9-2021)
Abstract
The phenomenon of urban development has transformed existing cities and put the protection of historical heritage at the core of urban planning. However, considering the traditional concepts of heritage, which place valuable historical elements separately in a broader urban context, does not meet the goals of heritage protection to protect the character and importance of historical heritage. Thus, the change in the scale of heritage protection arose from the challenges of heritage protection, and the consequence was the emergence of the heritage urban landscape approach (HUL). The concept of integration was also considered in order to create a balance between protection and development approaches.
Any new construction project in the vicinity or in the Buffer Zones of the Heritage Site potentially has visual effects on the historical heritage that allow for the evaluating and evaluation of adverse effects before and during the implementation can be providing an effective strategy to minimize or mitigate adverse effects. In order to provide a solution, the UNESCO World Heritage Committee has proposed a method of heritage impact assessment. To satisfactorily assess of these potential threats, the organization suggests the investigating impact of these threats on Outstanding Universal Value.
This study seeks to application Heritage Impact Assessment Framework to evaluating the Visual-Physical Integrity of the valuable heritage complex, Zandieh's Shiraz Complex as a case study examine. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and uses a qualitative approach to achieve its goals. Inheritance effects in Zandieh's Shiraz Complex have been done by considering three criteria of lack of protection and mismanagement, sensitivity of features and severity of effects in three scales of valuable building complex; space organization; morphology and visual organization. This assessment shows that the result of the intensity of the effects for the first scale is 2.37, the second scale is 4.66 and the third scale is 5, which has seriously damaged the collection in these dimensions. Also, the priority matrix of effects shows that the first scale has low damage and the second and third scales have severe damage and have a very high priority for providing solutions for the protection of historical heritage.

A Comparative Study of Human Dignity Criteria in the New and Old Neighborhoods of Hakimieh and Iran Street of Tehran
Mr Reza Motahar, Dr Seyed Abdolhadi Daneshpour, Mohammadsaleh Shokouhibidhendi,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (3-2022)
Abstract
The concept of human dignity means honoring the essence and existence of man as God's highest creation. This concept can also be spatially interpreted in urban planners' programs and interventions. For example, it would seem to be possible to distinguish between neighborhoods who provide higher levels of human dignity for their residents than those who do not meet this criterion. Old and traditional neighborhoods of Iranian cities, may have weaknesses in meeting the new expectations of residents because of infrastructure degradation and changes in urban needs. However, they are more attractive than new neighborhoods yet because of their respect to some qualities. This study aims to answer the question that what are the criteria of human dignity and have the newly built neighborhoods (case of Hakimieh in the west of Tehran, Iran) succeeded in preserving human dignity at least as much as the old ones (the case of Iran Street neighborhood in the central historic context of Tehran)?
Accordingly, this paper is developmental comparative research. The definition of the criteria of human dignity is based on the opinions of Muslim scholars, as well as the works of non-Muslim scholars. Data collection has also been done through the archival and field survey methods. In this framework, some questions have been formulated to form a semi-structured questionnaire to measure each criteria of human dignity (derived from the provided theoretical framework). In each of the two neighborhoods, 100 questionnaires (a total of 200 questionnaires) were completed. The sample size was estimated using Cochran formula and random sampling. It should be noted that the two neighborhoods had similar conditions in terms of land prices and income levels, but they were differed in time of constructions.
The results of the survey show that the criteria of human dignity as a characteristic of the desirable Islamic city in the traditional and old neighborhood of Iran Street have been realized more than the new and modern neighborhood of Hakimieh. Findings show that the Hakimieh neighborhood is not far from the traditional Iran Street neighborhood, in terms of physical facilities and services (measures of intrinsic dignity such as "facilities for education" and "level of well-being and infrastructures"). However, according to spiritual values of dignity (such as "unity" and "participation in charities"), Hakimieh is significantly weaker than Iran Street neighborhood. As a result, it may be possible to claim that purely physical approaches to urban planning (such as providing services per capita) have failed to generate sufficient human dignity in the newly formed neighborhoods. Future studies can first replicate this assay in different neighborhoods of Tehran and other cities of Iran. Secondly, they can evaluate the programs and human dignity in them: programs such as comprehensive plans, renovation plans, and other interventions in the residential contexts.
Grading the Housing Design Principles based on Frequency in Evaluating Architectural Resources
Mozhgan Mahdavi, Reza Sameh,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (3-2022)
Abstract
One of the most important issues and human needs in the field of architectural design is "housing". From the past to the present, there have always been different principles for housing design that have been used due to the user’s needs. The set of needs and lifestyles of humans has shown that some characteristics are the same in all designed houses. These important features had been collected in many scholarly and professional architectural references that had been addressed as principles, criteria and indicators of housing design and had been used by designers and researchers who works in this field. Therefore, various references can be found that, each had studied hosing topic from a specific point of view. Some of these sources list the general characteristics of an appropriate and desirable house, and others introduce specific principles for its design. In this article, while reviewing those references, we would rank those principles on the basis of importance. The main question is how these principles can be ranked and consider in design in base on their importance. Therefore, our goal is surveying the scholarly and professional architectural references about housing to analyze and evaluate the principles of residential architecture. Results of this research collected from data analyses and data description, which obtain from the references and based on logical reasoning. Therefore, the main method is determining quantitative valuation for qualitative data, and housing design criteria in scholarly and professional architectural references had been ranked in such a way that their importance is defined. so, the general approach of the research was selected as a quantitative comparison and then data collection, classification and analysis were performed based on first step. Finally, the research results represent and rank housing design criteria based on the priority of their importance in form of tables and charts.
Applying the principles governing the traditional neighborhood development (TND) approach in the Islamic Iranian city Study sample: Fahadan neighborhood of Yazd city
P.e Homeira Beiki Tafti, Phd Samaneh Jalili Sadr Abad,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (3-2022)
Abstract
The TND approach has concepts with the aim of raising the quality of life and strengthening and improving the physical space of the neighborhood, increasing social interactions and improving the sense of place and economic self-reliance. Iranian-Islamic urban planning, like its origins in Islam and Shiite culture, is dynamic and constantly offers new methods to human societies, and is more of a dynamic and comprehensive process to help human beings achieve nearness to God, not a product. Therefore, the conformity of TND principles with Islamic principles and values ​​is quite obvious.
The main purpose of this article is to accurately and clearly achieve the principles of Islamic Iranian urban planning as a symbol of indigenous urban planning in comparison with the TND approach that has been considered in recent decades in Western societies. The written sources related to the subject try to present a list of the most important principles and teachings of each approach in the form of specific tables and compare them if necessary or at the end. Criteria and indicators of TND approach, differences and commonalities between them are analyzed and based on such an analogy, the suggested teachings of the article are used to plan for the development of the historic and dilapidated neighborhood of New Fahadan in Yazd.
 The present study is methodological, descriptive-analytical and applied in terms of targeting. Research data and information have been collected using documentary and field studies. Qualitative data were used by open questionnaire through interviews and document review and quantitative data were prepared numerically by weighting Delphi questionnaires. The findings of this study show that there are few differences and many similarities between the two approaches of TND and Iranian-Islamic urban planning. Reveals their existence and the differences that exist are due to the asymmetry of these two approaches, to put it better, based on the requirements and conditions of the time, these differences are created. To apply the principles obtained in a case study by examining the indicators and analysis of the historic neighborhood and the deterioration of the new Fahadan by SWOT method and analysis and evaluation of internal and external factors through the QSPM matrix to provide strategies for planning the development of the new Fahadan neighborhood In the city of Yazd, based on the principles of Iranian-Islamic urban planning and TND approach. Other results of the study show that 16 strategies extracted from the QSPM matrix have priority for planning for the development of the new Fahadan neighborhood, based on which executive projects can be defined.
A Comparative Study of the Concept of "Privacy" in the House of Islamic Countries in the Middle East (Case Study: Houses of Isfahan, Sanaa, Damascus)
Dr Somayeh Omidvari, Dr Mehdi Hamzenejad,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (3-2022)
Abstract
Respecting family privacy, as well as guests, and separation of these two domains of life, is particularly significant in Islamic households, and its inception and manifestation in architecture have varied based on climatic, geographical, and cultural contexts. A study of privacy practices in the homes of different Islamic countries exemplifies this variability. With this aim, this study examines three patterns of houses in three cities with Islamic antiquity and origin. The descriptive-analytical method was employed in this paper to investigate the concept of privacy and the examination of how it displays itself in these three modules. This research seeks to determinehow the concept of «privacy» manifest various forms and appearances in different lands depending on different cultures and geographies. Hence, the concept of privacy has been investigated by researching the behavioral patterns and typology of dwellings in three Islamic cities including Isfahan, Sana›a, and Damascus.The separation of private and public spaces has been the most visible embodiment of privacy in these homes. Due to the extension of the home on one level, the separation of the visitors› spaces from the family occurred in the houses of Isfahan through the separation of the yards and spaces surrounding the yards. Owing to the peculiar climatic conditions in Damascus and the extension of spaces on the first floor to get the desired wind, it was feasible to divide the privacy in the main residences by dividing the different floors. According to the region›s unique geographical conditions, including the presence of rocky land, and, on the other hand, the region›s specific security conditions, privacy in Sana›as’ homes has been accomplished through the distribution of spaces on separate floors of the house. This article is based on the research hypothesis that there is a link between the emergence of privacy in Islamic homes and the status of «ecology - nature and man,» which includes various climatic, geographical, and cultural contexts; while testing the research hypothesis, it reveals that the region›s environment has played an important role in the emergence of various manifestations of privacy, and the extent of this privacy has also varied in these three case studies.

Islamic Architects and Islamic Mathematicians Artistics Meeting, To Utilize Geometry in Architecture The period under study is the fourth to the eleventh AH
Mr Amirhosein Farshchian, Ph.d Ahad Nejad Ebrahimi, Ph.d Minou Gharehbaglou,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (12-2022)
Abstract
In specialized topics of aesthetics, structure and function, the buildings of Islamic architecture in Iran during certain periods, show the strong presence
of intellectual sciences such as mathematics. The use of geometry as a part of the science of numerical mathematics, which in its intellectual position has
complex calculations, indicates the connection of Islamic architects with the mathematicians of their time. According to the available books and written documents, the architect's personal reference to complex mathematical books in terms of numerical application is a subject that has been seen in lesser power. Accordingly, in this article, the educational relationship between architects and Islamic mathematicians has been examined. Geometry in its numerical position can not be transferred to the architectural structure, and this must be transferred to a specific geometric process in terms of action. How to connect the mathematics of Islamic theology and architecture about geometry, and of a special theoretical or practical type that can be used in the field of architecture is the basic question of research. How Islamic architects have understood theoretical and practical geometry from mathematicians and have applied it in architecture. In this regard, in the present study, the author has examined the research and analysis operations by identifying the fourth to eleventh AH due to the presence of prestigious Islamic mathematicians as well as glorious Islamic architecture from a geometrically known point of view. The study of analysis on manuscripts is very valid in scientific centers. These manuscripts have been analyzed by architecture in the form of face-to-face research and academic communication in the preparation of scanned images. The manuscripts belong to Islamic scholars including Buzjani, Farabi, Ibn Sina, Akhavan al-Safa, and Jamshid Kashani. In order to study geometry in the theories of Islamic mathematicians and to obtain basic information about geometry and mathematics, the deductive method has been used in research, and the contextualist approach has been used in the discussion of historical issues of architecture and knowledge topics of geometry. The research findings show the decision of Islamic mathematicians based on the issues of Islamic belief and thought to meet the practical needs in Islamic society and beyond. Islamic architects are also among the most important learners in the field of building architecture and related matters in terms of geometry. These topics are in the form of converting numerical mathematics into theoretical geometry in its quantitative and qualitative dimensions and practical geometry to achieve practical cases in providing applied geometry for educating architects. These teachings, due to their complexity and the fact that they belong to the mathematical field of equivalence, required face-to-face educational communication. This issue is called the meetings of artists between Islamic mathematicians and architects according to its own process.
In order to understand the knowledge of geometry by architectural experts in the period from the fourth to the eleventh AH, a subject has been created by Islamic mathematicians of that time that may have existed in previous centuries. This is the subject of communication classes created by Islamic mathematicians.
They tried to improve jobs in various fields. In the field of architects, this issue is called Artistics Meeting. Meetings in which Islamic mathematicians, with their vast knowledge and perception, have applied theoretical knowledge to the profession and minds of artists. The method of calculating geometry
in the practice of drawing and the emergence of applied volumes, surfaces and shapes has been done operationally as much as the consciousness of artists and the amount of their needs. Mathematicians such as Kashani, Farabi and Buzjani are among the most active people of the fourth to eleventh AH who have formed these sessions. What the architects have drawn and illustrated after teaching the sessions is the geometry of the Islamic mathematician, along with approximation and estimation with his previous knowledge and experience. In the past, architects used to turn to mathematicians in meetings to create architectural structures because an Islamic mathematician believes in the correctness and acceptability of a geometric theorem and teaches it when he can, through positive positivist and semantic methods of theoretical geometry. Prove it rationally. Islamic architects and mathematicians have discussed in their meetings how architecture in the field of applied geometry and have reached a conclusion in the discussion when the obtained geometry is based on theoretical and practical geometry and a correct understanding of it. Due to the breadth of perceptual understanding and experience, Islamic architects have developed the geometry learned for use in architecture into the dimensions of their profession, which is the result of a previous master and many years of experience, and use it in construction with the advice of an Islamic mathematician. Have done. This can be creativity in creating an architectural effect during the teaching of applied geometry in Artistics Meeting sessions by Islamic architects who have created magnificent and huge buildings in the period from the fourth to the eleventh AH.

Determining Factors Affecting the Evaluation of the Rise of Qur’anic Human Values in the Housing Architecture Using Expert Views (Case Study: Comparative Examination of Tehran’s Apartment Housing and Housing in the late Traditional Era in Tehran)
Mirza Ali Sheidaneh Morid, Mehdi Sharifi, Seyed Mahmoud Mmoeini,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (3-2023)
Abstract
The changing patterns of identity developments in housing architecture in the wake of the modern 20th-century architecture resulted in the creation of new types of residences in the world, especially in Iran. Previous research presumptively considered the traditional era housing as conforming to religious values, while contemporary housing (especially apartment types) was regarded to contradict those values. This study aims to find some accurate criteria based on Islamic principles to determine the accuracy of these hypotheses. Thus, the main question is: “Which Qur’anic values about the housing architecture can be elicited? The research goal is to explain the human values from the Qur’an in line with contemporary housing architecture. The research method includes a review of the literature and library sources, uses of the Qur’an and valuable Islamic sources, a field survey of the samples, and qualitative content analysis of the field interviews via the Delphi method. It also uses a semi-structured and deep interview style with academic and seminary experts of Tehran. In the end, the study 1) explained and determined the Qur’an based human values consistent with the contemporary housing architecture of Tehran on a five-point Likert scoring scale that included the following (the rates are on average): peace and comfort (4.9), intimacy (4.8), servitude (4.7), human dignity (4.7), privacy (4.6), safety, strength and firmness (4.6), humiliation (4.5), bio-sustainability factors (4.5), solitude (4.5), creativity (4.4), recitation of God’s names (4.2), dynamism and activity (4.1), proportions (4.1), satisfaction (4), self-confidence (4), order (4), applied decorations (3.9), social relations (3.9), the environment (3.8), house area (3.7); 2) determined the effects of 33 Qur’anic human values on Tehran’s traditional housing architecture to be 85%, and on contemporary Tehran’s apartment housing to be 15%, and 3) investigated through the expert consensus the application and manifestation of the privacy as one of the Qur’anic human values of this research in the traditional and contemporary housing architectures, with the results given in Table 4. In another analysis, the findings of this research were compared to those of the previous studies, and the case study of this study was compared during the reign of the Qajar and contemporary era apartments. These Qur’anic human values are presently diminishing or non-existing in contemporary Tehran’s apartment housing. This research can be applied for planning by the Ministry of Roads and Urban Development, Ministry of the Interior, and Municipalities, as well as the Revolutionary Housing Foundation and the National Engineering Organization, and serve as a model for Islamic housing in cities andvillages.

Investigating the role of mosques on the social resilience of urban neighborhoods (Case Study: Naserkhosrow neighborhood and Negin town of Isfahan)
Eng. Sajjad Behzadi, Dr. Samaneh Jalilisadrabad,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (4-2023)
Abstract
Problem expression: In recent years, following the occurrence of disasters, the concept of resilience has received much attention in many scientific circles. Resilience is a multifaceted concept that seeks to minimize the damage caused by a crisis. Meanwhile, most planners pay more attention to the physical dimension. This is if the uncertainty of the severity and type of risks, the emergence of new crises and man-made, as well as attention to the capacity of communities in the face of disruption and improvement of conditions, has shifted the focus to the social dimension of resilience. The focus on the role of community members in the face of crisis and their ability and capacity to improve the situation is also that individuals and communities can cope with any crisis and change the situation without despair. In the meantime, mosques have long been involved in crises and societal issues and as a jihadi center by using and organizing the capacities of the people, in the face of crises and change and improvement of conditions and general resilience of societies, has played a key role.
The Objective of research: In this study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the status of mosques and the impact it has on the social resilience of residents, and to address the question of "to what extent have mosques been able to be effective on social resilience?"
Research Method: In order to achieve the objectives of the research, Naser Khosrow neighborhood and Negin town, which are adjacent to each other but have serious differences in terms of physical context and social and economic status, have been studied as study examples. The research method is descriptive-analytical and a questionnaire was used to obtain additional data. The statistical population of the study is 375 for Naserkhosrow neighborhood and 374 for Negin town using Cochran's formula. Spearman correlation coefficient has also been used to analyze the data.
Findings of the research: In general, mosques have long been established as the most spiritual and popular organization of the people, which has a high capacity and potential to attract public participation in various fields, in addition to special functions (worship function) and creating a bed for worship, self-cultivation and attainment. Peace of mind provides the basis for the formation of a social base and focus for the presentation of ideas and perspectives, insight, cooperation and collaboration in solving problems and dilemmas. Mosques have always adapted to the current needs of society and have tried to solve them according to the circumstances. This is important in recent years and considering the role and actions of mosques in the face of various crises such as natural disasters, sanctions and economic and political issues, hard and soft wars, biological measures (corona virus) can be seen and understood. Mosques, by utilizing and organizing to the maximum of all available capacities, create a spontaneous flow in order to solve the problems facing the society, which is effective in resuscitating and deterring communities in the face of shocks and crises, as well as preventing and reducing the dangers of such problems. Are. Therefore, in this study, sense of belonging, social participation, knowledge and awareness, personal capacity, trust, experiences, social responsibility and social interactions were considered as effective factors on social resilience and to achieve the objectives of the study. The results showed that mosques had a great impact on all factors including knowledge and awareness. The results also showed that despite the relatively low presence of neighborhood residents in mosques, this has a great impact on the social resilience of residents. In other words, it can be stated that increasing the presence in mosques has a great impact on the social resilience of residents and now that mosques have been satisfied with their worship role and other maps have been neglected, the activation of mosques in different areas and maps can be Increasing attendance increases the resilience of communities directly and indirectly. It is worth mentioning that due to the fact that the attendance rate in mosques has been significantly reduced, but these mosques have the capacity to become an active and relief base in times of crisis and in the event of an accident, play a pivotal role at the neighborhood level. They play. It is also important to note that, in addition to the knowledge and awareness factor that requires education, the strengthening of other components affecting social resilience is often done indirectly. Mosques as a place for continuous gathering of people with different views and social levels, gradually increase social solidarity, increase interactions, sense of belonging and the like. Practicing divine traditions such as Qarzat al-Hasna, helping fellow human beings also gives depth to these factors. Voluntary cooperation in collective activities and actions (ceremonies and occasions) that can lead to the formation of shared social memories and experiences also plays an important role in the factors affecting social resilience.

Temperament analysis of house spaces based on the presence of four elements, Case study of Bushehr historical houses
Mr Qasem Gedaali, Dr Mohsen Afshari,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (9-2023)
Abstract
The present study is in order to investigate the temperament of home spaces based on the presence of four elements. The four elements, in addition to the direct effects on how to choose effective climatic solutions in architecture, have affected the temperament of the living spaces of the residents.The temperament of the space has led to the formation of unique features in each architectural work, including the architecture of houses in the historical context of Bushehr. In this research, by selecting the houses and mansions of Bushehr historical context as a statistical population, the temperament characteristics of its spaces in terms of how the four elements of the environment are affected have been discussed and analyzed. This is important with the aim of finding factors in the architecture of traditional houses and mansions of Bushehr due to the effects of the environment on its temperament by recognizing the temperament characteristics of each space by studying the presence of four characteristics of the environment as representative of the four main temperaments, ie four elements; water (humidity and sultry), wind (air flow), soil (structure and connection with the earth) and fire (sun) are performed on the spaces of the house, each of which represents the main temperaments. Therefore, this study seeks to analyze the temperament of home spaces based on the presence of four elements. And what are the temperament characteristics of the spaces in the historical houses of Bushehr? Research method In this research, it is a descriptive, descriptive-analytical method and content analysis of resources to identify sources and basics; data analysis has been done to analyze the houses of Bushehr historical context in two methods of sampling (deductive) and detailed analysis in order to reach a general (inferential) result. In accordance with the field findings and case studies, the spaces in the houses of the historical context of Bushehr include; yard, mahtabi, roof and staircase, porch and entrance hall, Shanshir, Tarmeh, corridors and escalators, rooms (in the types of five-door, four-door and three-door with one side opening, five-door, four-door and three-door with two-sided opening, five-door, four-door and three-door With three and four sides of the opening), reception (guest house), chamber (dining room), closet (chest of drawers), kitchen (kitchen), basin and toilets, the temperament characteristics of the spaces were examined. According to the findings, the results of the study of home space in the historical context of Bushehr are as follows: The temperament of the main living spaces and related spaces is balanced, warm, hot and dry (Rooms three, four and fifty and Shanashir); sub-residential spaces are cold-tempered (Closet, safe and rooms without opening); the temperament of open living spaces is warm and humid (Moonlight, Tarmeh and Bam); The temperament of communication spaces is balanced (Entrance halls, corridors, stairs and stairs); and service spaces are cold-tempered. (Kitchen, basin, water storage and services). Each of the elements and organs of the houses of Bushehr's historical context has its own temperament. Just as man has the most balanced temperament among creatures, and each organ has its own temperament, The elements of these houses are also built next to each other in order to create a balance of temperament. It is also more balanced than the environment and is effective with the lack of intensification of temperament characteristics of people living in houses of historical texture due to the temperament of space. The results of the analysis of the relationship between the temperament of the environment and the spaces of houses in the historical context of Bushehr show that The spaces that are the place of party, living and family residence are warm-tempered, lively spaces that are in line with the behavior of the often warm-tempered residents. Also, the dryness of the temperament of these spaces is in contrast to the more temperament of the environment and the inhabitants, which balances the humidity of the temperament of the environment and the people living in it, in order to prevent boredom and numbness in the space. The pauses between spaces and the entrances from the open space to the closed space are balanced. The central courtyard, entrance porch, corridors and stairs are among these spaces and the reason is the presence of four elements in the best possible way in these spaces, which have formed the moderate temperament of the space. Service spaces, ie safes, closets, kitchens and basins, due to the absence of the sun, are often cold-tempered, and activity in these spaces, which in turn causes the body to warm up and it acts to regulate the body's mood and helps people's health. The most important result of this study is to investigate the existence of diversity in the temperament of home spaces in the historical context of Bushehr, so that each of the spaces is appropriate and appropriate to how the residents live and work in it and people can be based on physical needs, and life in the spaces of Bushehr's home.

Measuring Residents' Satisfaction Based on Privacy and Collective interaction in the Spatial Organization of Residential Units (A Case Study of Conventional Residential Apartment Units in Amol City)
Mohammad Habibzadeh Omran, Alireza Einifar, Azadeh Shahcheraghi,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (9-2023)
Abstract 
Satisfaction with housing and residential environment is one of the aspects of life satisfaction. The relationship between solitude in personal spaces and collective interaction in the spatial organization of an apartment residential unit is one of the determining factors of the components affecting residents' satisfaction. Providing privacy for family members in the physical space of the residential unit is a foundation and a prerequisite for maintaining privacy and regulating internal relations and communication with the outside of the residential unit. The research question is, what is the relationship between spaces in the types of spatial organization of apartment residential units? What is the effect of the relationship between personal and collective spaces and inter-spaces of the residential unit on the level of satisfaction of the residents? And how can this satisfaction be improved with design solutions? The main goal of the research is to raise awareness for better design of apartment residential units. Other goals of the research can be to better understand the human relationship between the elements of the spatial organization of the residential unit, how to create a platform for individual privacy and collective communication between family members and guests, creating auditory and visual privacy in the interior of the residential unit and overlooking the neighboring units. The above research has benefited from residents to collect data and complete the questionnaire. The case study is limited to the common apartment housing of Amel city (row sets with medium height in three to six floors with spaces such as entrance, connecting stairs, open space and other common structural and facility elements). In these buildings, based on the study of the thesis documents registered in the central municipality of Amel, four types of residential units have been identified, whose spatial organization is the most frequent. The findings of the research show that the residents of apartment residential units have expressed relative dissatisfaction with the lack of necessary provisions in observing the transmission of sight and sound between the internal spaces, observing the necessary distance between the collective and personal spaces, the view from the entrance part of the unit and the openings of the facade to the internal spaces. The result of the research is to propose solutions for entrance design, geometry and plan fit, controlling sound transmission between the spaces of the residential unit, controlling the view from outside the unit and creating a useful space for pause and movement in the spaces between the two main parts of the unit. The research results can be generalized to similar cultures and cities in the north of the country. The table of research design solutions can be adjusted according to the cultural-climatic conditions of other regions of the country in order to develop design guides that are suitable for local cultures and special environments.

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