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Raheleh Abdollahi, Islam Karami, Ahad Nejad Ebrahimi, Leila Rahimi,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (5-2021)
Abstract

Problem statement: The concept of resilience has long been published to explain how different types of systems respond to unexpected shocks, and research on resilience of environments to abnormal hazards has just begun, requiring extensive reflection and consideration. Spatial resilience thinking is as one of the new dimensions in the field of resilience and architecture. This dimension seeks to address the issue of the vitality and dynamics of the architectural space by preserving identity and function through attention to specific characteristics and capabilities of the space over time versus gradual and slow disturbances. resilient space as the appropriate context for possiblity continued vitality provides dynamic while maintaining performance; It shows little vulnerability in the face of crises over time by the spatial capabilities, and responds to changing conditions through adaptation to the needs and demands of the society, and satisfies spatial users' satisfaction with different tastes and guarantees and sustains the vital system of space. But most of the newly constructed spaces are vulnerable to crises and lose their efficiency quickly and the users of space leave and vacate; Therefore, the historical bazaars of Iran, as one of the valuable spaces that have continued to operate despite changes in different periods and have been able to meet and provide the suitable body for the needs of the day, are remarkable. Therefore, to resolve part of this epistemic vacuum, the present study focuses on the limited domain of the Amir complex in the historical bazzar of Tabriz, considering its position and role in the life of the Bazzar Tabriz has paid off to the rooting of the resilience of this space and examining its spatial capabilities. So this research seeks to answer the question of how resilience has been achieved in the historical space of Iranian bazaars? And how has the resilience of the Amir complex in the historical bazzar of Tabriz come about in light of the changes in recent years?
 
Dr Hamid Reza Arami,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (5-2021)
Abstract

How to distribute the urban space fairly, in a way that, in addition to protecting the rights of private owners, also respects the rights of the people of the city, is one of the most fundamental issues in the field of architecture and urban planning. Addressing this issue is delayed by accurately understanding the nature of the city space, and calculating the rights involved; In the present article, an attempt was made to address it based on the teachings of legal jurisprudence. According to the results of this research, contrary to Article 38 of the Civil Code of Iran and the opinion of some early jurists, the city space is divided into three main parts based on the ownership of its lower land: "a. The public space of the city, which consists of two parts: space on public thoroughfares and space on private property, beyond the usual height limit. B. Private space, space adjacent to private property, below the standard height, which is located behind the common space. J. "Shared space, space bordering private property, below the usual height, which is adjacent to public spaces in the city. The first type of these spaces is among the public property and is an example of public commonalities and, of course, in public ownership. The second type is private property and privately owned land under it, and people have a easementright to it. And the third type of this space is among the peripheral property that people have the right to share. This perception of the nature of urban space can be effective in re-reading urban laws and, consequently, the realization of citizens' rights.
Shirin Eslami, Hamidreza Arami,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (12-2024)
Abstract

This study examines the consequences of high-density urban development within Iran’s urban planning system, addressing a critical gap in domestic research on population density impacts. The research employs qualitative analysis and documentary studies, utilizing fishbone diagrams and inductive content analysis to investigate how capitalist-driven high-density growth has surpassed optimal thresholds, creating multifaceted challenges. Findings reveal 27 primary factors and 111 sub-factors of harm across seven key dimensions: economic-functional, spatial-physical, socio-cultural, political-institutional, perceptual-psychological, visual, and environmental.
The socio-cultural dimension emerges as the most significant, containing the highest concentration of identified issues, followed by spatial-physical and environmental concerns. These problems manifest as infrastructure deficiencies, lifestyle disruptions, and erosion of cultural values, particularly threatening the preservation of Islamic-Iranian urban identity. The analysis demonstrates how unregulated density intensifies systemic pressures, creating compound effects where physical overcrowding exacerbates social tensions and environmental degradation.
The study highlights the urgent need for localized density frameworks that respect Iran’s climatic diversity and cultural specificities. Current approaches, often imported without adaptation, fail to address the unique interaction between environmental capacities and socio-cultural norms in Iranian cities. The research proposes context-sensitive strategies for redefining density standards, emphasizing place-based solutions that balance development needs with cultural preservation.
Key recommendations include: (1) developing regional density thresholds based on environmental carrying capacity, (2) integrating cultural impact assessments into density planning, and (3) establishing multi-stakeholder governance frameworks involving policymakers, urban planners, and community representatives. The findings underscore the necessity for coordinated action across management levels to prevent further erosion of tangible and intangible urban values while accommodating population growth. This research contributes a systematic analysis of density-related harms specific to the Iranian context, providing a foundation for culturally-grounded urban planning strategies that could inform similar developing contexts facing rapid urbanization pressures.


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