Abdolhamid Noqrehkar, Reihaneh Sadat Tabatabaei Yeganeh,
Volume 8, Issue 4 (winter 2020 2021)
Abstract
One of the main reasons for the deviations of human schools in the East and West of the world, especially the modernist and postmodernist currents that were created in Western culture after the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, has spread around the world to the present day. These are the deviations that have occurred in the divine religions, especially Judaism and Christianity, by the believers of these religions. Authoritative Islamic sources (Divine Word and Tradition of the Infallibles) have explained and analyzed these deviations. An example of such distortions is the Christian's belief in concepts (God, the Prophet, man's relationship with God, the Prophet, the ulema, society, and nature). In this paper, the effect of these deviations on one of the most important elements of human civilization, namely (human places of worship) and as a special example (cruciform churches) from the Islamic point of view, based on theory (Salam) has been interpreted and analyzed. The theory (Salam) divides human processes such as the construction of a place of worship into five general stages (ideas, motivations, and methods of the architect-artist, to create the body of the work and the effects of the work on the audience) and the effect of the deviations of each stage to the stages. Next, he interprets and analyzes the creation of the architectural work and its effects. In this theory, it is stated that the prophets and divine schools have provided innocent resources and bases for the first three stages of human processes with titles (beliefs, rules and ethics) and the fourth stage requires specialized ijtihad and creation of works by human beings in The world has nature. Thus, the existing problems in the form of civilizational works, including (the crucifixion churches), are the result of deviations in (beliefs, rules, and ethics) created in Christian culture. The present study is fundamental and the research method of this research is documentary and based on reliable primary and secondary sources and well-founded Islamic principles (analytical and interpretive) as well as the four Gospels and early Christian texts. In conclusion, the effects of Christian deviations (doctrinal, behavioral, and methodological) on the body of cruciform churches in terms of dimensions (geometric-spatial ideas, arrays, and symbols) have been evaluated and analyzed.
Reyhaneh Sadat Tabatabaei Yeganeh, Farhang Mozaffar, Minoo Shafaei, Bahram Saleh Sedghpoor,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (3-2022)
Abstract
Gender has a key role in Islamic thought and considers it as an aspect should be trained. Now a days in light of psychological and social studies, there are more information about gender differences. These differences influence education and training via “gender identity” and “sex-typing”. So it’s essential to consider gender differences in out door open spaces design. The goal of this study concentrated on the effect of gender differences in Islamic thought on outdoor open space design. Reviewing mental differences and growing and structural aspects between boys and girls, we have built a frame for open interview which concluded to Delphi process. The study is a qualitative and operational and conducted a Delphi process between 7 psychologists and 15 architecture experts. The result is an applicable list of architectural considerations for outdoor planning. Using hot and bright colors, suitable areas for congregation, simple geometry, curved corners and miniature elements can be suggested for girls. Mild colors, encounter space, sophisticated geometry, expert and job acquaintance dedicated space, different levels, ballgame space are suitable for girls.
