Mohammad Baqer Kabirsaber, Amir Amjad Mohamadi,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (5-2019)
Abstract
Tabriz Blue Mosque is a valuable historical monument from the 9th century AH, which has been built during the Kara - Koyunlu of Turkomans rule on northwestern Iran and about 35 years before the beginning of the Safavid Iranian government. This building has some features that make it to be distinguished from other monuments of the Azerbaijan region and even Iran. These features have attracted the attention of many researchers in the field of ‘historic studies’ and ‘art studies’ and as well as have led to the publication of various sources about it; the approach of which are mainly to introduce the historical and artistic aspects of the mosque. But, little research has established about its architectural design and discovering its environmental relations. Therefore, there is a gap of knowledge in the understanding of architectural norms of this building that need to be addressed by some systematic and targeted researches. Understanding this fact, the present paper examines some of the ambiguities about this building; such as the way of its interaction with the natural environment. Accordingly, this paper aims at investigating the quality of interaction between the nature and architecture in the process of planning and architectural design of the Tabriz Blue Mosque. The mentioned aim is based on this hypothesis: the interaction of “natural environment” and “artificial environment” in the architecture of Tabriz Blue Mosque is based on a systematic approach that in its regulative foundations, the component of politics is dominated other components, especially the component of nature. The necessity underlying this research is to point out this fact that the architect of Tabriz Blue Mosque along with the exciting beauty that created in this building, did he/she also pay attention to natural and climatic aspects? Drawing on what has been said, this research has been done by descriptive - analytical method and data collection was via field study, direct observation, corpus analysis in order to answer the following questions: 1. What are the requirements and necessities of naturalistic architecture in Tabriz's environmental and climatic conditions? 2. To what extent did architect of the Tabriz Blue Mosque, in the architecture of this building, adhere the principles of convergence and harmony with the nature and climate of the region? 3. What is the reason for the existence of some incompatibility between the architectural design of the mosque and the system of nature and environment? The result of this paper shows that the architectural design of Tabriz Blue Mosque was based on the ambitious desires and motives of a social climber king. The desires required some specific necessities, some of whom was contradicted the natural and climatic requirements of region. These contradictions create some incompatibilities between the architectural design of the building and natural environment. Accordingly, in the architecture system of Tabriz Blue Mosque, political considerations and government accreditation were prior to other components of design, especially the component of nature.
Mahsa Norouzi, Mitra Ghafourian, Zahra Barzegar,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (3-2024)
Abstract
The model of housing based on the religion of Islam in order to create a residence and obtain peace for the family depends on responding to their fixed and changing needs. Considering that the housing body is a container in which the family community is formed, the need to adapt the housing to the growth of the family as changing needs and respond to it over time in order to achieve the stability of the family community is important. In the meantime, the "expansibility" can be effective in climate stability in addition to social stability by making adaptations or changes in housing components according to the changing needs of residents. Given the high consumption of fossil fuels, designing and constructing residential buildings compatible with the climate is essential in order to reduce energy consumption. In fact, the use of private courtyards on the floors of residential units, in addition to creating a platform for the development of building walls, helps to provide light to the interior spaces and control the climatic conditions. The aim of the present research is to identify the optimal model of social-climatic expandable housing that is suitable for the growth of the family. In this way, the research question was formed in search of a housing model that, in addition to the expandability of the housing components in the courtyard of the apartment, also provides climate efficiency. This article focuses on the topic of social sustainability in housing by examining the expansion of its components in the courtyard of the apartment and it also addresses the topic of climate sustainability by assessing the amount of radiation received by expansible walls in the courtyard. The use of both qualitative and quantitative methods to identify the social-climatic expandable housing pattern has led, in the first stage, to the presentation of the expandable patterns A, B, and C in the courtyard of a residential apartment. Then, based on quantitative methods with simulations of the patterns in EnergyPlus software, the optimal pattern was identified. As the main result of this research, by comparing the amount of radiation received from the south, east and west in the cold, moderate and hot months of the same direction units, the best units in the SW direction belong to building B, in the NE and NW direction belong to building C, in the SE direction It belongs to A and C buildings.
