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Comparing Urban Life Quality Criteria in Contemporary Researches and Islamic City Features Based on Four Architecture Causes
Sanaz Litkouhi, Sepideh Sanjari,
Volume 2, Issue 1 (6-2014)
Abstract
This article seeks to compare the standards of urban life quality and extracted concepts of Islamic city based on four causes of architecture. The main reason of this research is comparing what researchers mentioned as urban life quality criteria and standards and features of an Islamic city drawn by the Islamic sources. All the schools of architecture and urban designing agree that the most important goal of designing is to meet the physical and psychological needs of mankind with the highest quality. Although there is not an exact definition of quality of life that all researchers agree on, but it is possible to achieve the main standards and features by reviewing the studies that have been done about this subject. To achieve to this goal, the criteria of urban life quality from the western point of view have been studied and classified while extracting, to make it possible evaluating the features quantitatively. Besides features of Islamic utopia are studied and extracted from both religious references and ancient Islamic cases. The main issue for comparing the results is the effect of architects and urban designers' points of view and believes on urban spaces. In fact subjective cause between four causes of architecture is the main source of architectural inspiration. Therefore, the extracted criteria of life quality have been studied based on this scale and results show that, only 1% of urban life quality features are driven from this point of view. In other words just 1% of these features have been considered for meeting clients’ spiritual needs, while this ratio in Islamic city features is much bigger and it means that the role of architects and designers believes is too important in Islamic view. Believing in God's wisdom and the ::::union:::: behind the diversity that could be seen in Islamic architecture, make Islamic architects’ view more comprehensive and wiser than other designers. To sum up, Islamic utopia tries to achieve a better human being life by meeting their physical, psychological and especially spiritual needs. Shortly, it illustrates the intention of “Remembrance” in architecture and urban designing.
Measuring the components of urban space’s quality by adjustment comparison of Iranian-Islamic and western approach
Mahdi Khakzand, Koorosh Aghabozorgi,
Volume 2, Issue 1 (6-2014)
Abstract
Performing diverse activities in urban spaces were assumed a part of the past culture. Moreover, now urban spaces do not have a specific definition in terms of quality. It seems that today’s materialist world is more seeking to increase return in investment and economic quantities and this quantity-oriented state have kept it behind the qualitative issues. For this, faded presence of people in spaces, makes performing this research essential. The effort of this study is to evaluate and have an adjustment comparison between components making urban spaces from the view of western theoreticians and Iranian-Islamic scientists. It seems that remarkable presence of social relations is among the most effective components in increase of urban space’s quality. The data of this study were evaluated in two qualitative and quantitative sections. In qualitative section by help of content analysis method the viewpoints were compared. The quantitative section was conducted by use of analytical description method and a questionnaire was prepared and it was studied in three neighborhoods of Tehran. The data extracted from this questionnaire was inferentially analyzed via SPSS software and they were analyzed beside the other findings gained from literature of the subject. The three neighborhoods of Hafthoz Square, 2nd Sqaure of Niroohavaee and 15 Khordad Street were selected in terms of morphology. The findings of this research indicate that highlighted presence of activities for communication and recreation is highly effective in improving the urban space’s quality. The need for comfort, removal of the need for food and eating is among other components which were effective in the view of people that all of these components in Quran are mentioned as specifications of the space around human being. As a result, the main components of urban space’s quality questioned in this study were convergent to the components introduced by Islamic resources which are neglected in contemporary urban planning despite the emphasis of western resources and scientists.
Evaluation of the sociability components on quality of the local Iranian mosques (Case studies: ChamanChopanan mosque, Shalbafan mosque and kolanaj Mosque of Hamadan)
Hassan Sajadzadeh, Mandana Yousefi, Mohammad Yousefi,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (6-2016)
Abstract

Mosques in traditional urbanism, were always a turning point of environment and in the constellation of diverse and familiar function, also were considered as necessary part of current life of the city. Mosque as the community space of believers in every morning, noon and evening, always was at the heart of a residential areas and neighborhoods. Mosque has historically been the place of many activities and performances, sometimes was as center of state and sometimes political and economic participation took place there. Proximity to the physical and spiritual life, provided community involvement and attachment to the space of mosque. In fact, the quality of the mosques was not only determined by physical factors, but also by the product of communication and interaction between the mosque and its users. Unfortunately, contemporary mosque is reduced to a mere place of worship area that is very partial and limited considering the concept and the reality of the mosque as a social space. Contemporary mosques, even with fine architecture, have no sociability. Specializing activities and development of sodium-oriented thinking, especially in the land sector, promoting the spread of the separation of religion from public life, the role of mosques in the city has changed and social role of the mosque has been taken away. Contemporary mosques separately from other municipal functions are located on the side of the causeway and do not induce centrality and dominance to other activities. Most of the mosques especially designed ones, over the past decades, are not designed for social activities and are rarely able to comprehensively meet the needs of their community. If once a mosque determined the location and type of city function and relationships, today other issues, including the main street, cars, entertainment center and market place determine location of mosque and other functions. So today mosque’s quality is decreased and its social role is abated .Mosque’s connection to the social life layers leads to increase the quality of mosque’s space. The research methods in this study is descriptive and field studies (questionnaire), and the library research. In this study, through a questionnaire three sample of Hamadan mosques (ChamanChopanan mosque, Shalbafan mosque and Kolanaj mosque) as successful mosques were studied. According to the direct connection between sociability and people, the residents of the neighborhood surrounding the mosque and its worshipers were considered as statistical society in this research. For statistical analysis and for data interpretationSPSS16 software and Office 2007 (WORD & EXCEL) were used consequently.,. The research question is, what component of mosque’s sociability causes to improve the mosques’ quality? Three hypotheses have been proposed in the study. according to the results of the study, the first two hypotheses were approved and the third hypothesis was rejected.

Hypothesis 1: It seems that, there is a significant difference between three mosques location. Hypothesis 2: It looks like there is a significant difference between functional diversity of three mosque .Hypothesis 3: It looks like the continuation of the use of the mosque there is a significant difference. Statistical software used for statistical analysis was SPSS16. The results show that three factors: locating, integrating with mosque performance and other public Performance, continuing use of the mosque are as effective components of mosques sociability that are effective

Regarding the quality of mosques, Locating is the most important factor of mosques’ sociability. Mosques’ locating should be in the main communication axes of city. Mosque’s association with residential fabric and main city function is one of the most important factors in locating. Associating with residential fabric provide walking access in a short time for people. Associating with main function increase socialization. The locating of the mosque should be such that the physical and spiritual needs of people simultaneously accountability. Have a variety of activities and proper character of the mosque is to attract different social groups, would be socialization mosques. Index duration, stresses on the use of mosques as a social space, 24 hours a day.

Considering that today most of the mosques are open only during the prayering times-five times a day-this is incompatible with the socialization mosques.


Explaining the effective factors on the sense of belonging to the place and evaluating the indicators of social stability in the historical context (Case study: Joybareh neighborhood of Isfahan)
Sanaz Rahravi Poodeh, Bahareh Tadayon,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (3-2022)
Abstract
Social sustainability is one of the controversial issues which has far-reaching implications for the realms of architecture and urban design. In this respect, Joubareh Neighborhood in Isfahan, considered as the oldest historical location of the city, is of considerable importance. Despite the various values of this neighborhood, its historical texture has been deteriorating in recent years. Accordingly, recognition and setting a set of social sustainability indices may play a major role in conserving the historical values of this neighborhood. Since Joubareh is being depleted of its native residents replaced by non-native ones, the utmost endeavor must be made in order to conserve the historical values of this neighborhood encouraging the native residents to stay. This research aimed to identify those social sustainability indices in this neighborhood in order to encourage the native residents, who have a strong sense of belonging towards their neighborhood, to stay so that the deteriorating trend can be reversed. Joubareh is in fact the oldest location of the city and in the vicinity of which are there several significant monuments, like Atigh Gathering Mosque. So far, extensive research has been conducted on social sustainability in the housing sector. Concerning historical textures, similar research has been done only scantily. Which social sustainability indices in the historical texture of Joubareh must be applied? How do these factors and variables interact with each other? The methodology is quantitative and the data were gathered by surveying. Questionnaires were distributed and analyzed in two stages. In order to analyze data, SPSS Software was used and the One-sample test and the Friedman test were used to assess and prioritize the variables. In the first questionnaire, the sense of belonging of the residents in Joubareh was studied in terms of gender, occupation, and age of the respondents. The sense of belonging among the tradesmen was stronger than that of the women and of other occupations. Similarly, in terms of age, the elderly showed a stronger sense of belonging than that of others. Generally, the aged male shopkeepers and the aged housewives had a stronger sense of belonging than that of others.
Also, in the second questionnaire designed based on the needs of the aged housewives and the aged male shopkeepers, certain factors were taken into account for social indices such as the living quality index (respecting the individuals' privacy and peace), the quality of open spaces in the neighborhood, caring the historical features and revitalizing the lost identity and the quality of social interactions among the neighborhood's residents. The results indicated that the dimension of social interactions is significantly correlated with living quality as well as the quality of open spaces. By the same token, the dimension of social interactions is significantly correlated with the quality of open spaces in the historical textures. Likewise, the quality of open spaces and the dimension of historical textures are significantly correlated. In addition, the quality of open spaces is significantly related to historical texture. Finally, there is not a significant relationship between social interactions and historical textures. To the residents of Joubareh neighborhood, who feel a sense of belonging towards the neighborhood, the social sustainability indices, in terms of priority, include the living quality, the quality of open spaces, historical texture, and finally, social interactions. In brief, the results indicated that the residents of Joubareh neighborhood, including the elderly, both housewives, and the aged male shopkeepers, have a strong sense of belonging towards their neighborhood. The social sustainability indices for the residents were, in terms of priority, the living quality, the quality of open spaces, historical texture, and finally, social interactions.

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