Journal of Researches in Islamic Architecture

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Bathhouses (Garm-abeh) are beneficial and worth concerning public buildings in the history of Iranian Islamic architecture, which include excellent factors in each one of their spaces. Hierarchy is one of the most apparent qualities of these buildings, which is the main concern of this paper, introducing Mian-dar [middle corridor] as the space between Sar-bineh [cloakroom] (place for undressing, resting and conversing, located past the entrance and before the Garm-khaneh) and Garm-khane [hot chamber] (Main place where washing and massaging takes place), which brings this quality in such space. This research will dig into the secrets of architects that made this fact possible, which are studied in the scale of bath’s three main spaces (Sar-bine, Garmkhaneh and Mian-dar) and tools and methods they’ve used in anatomy of Mian-dar. Therefore, by gathering the information of all of Fars’ public baths from the Safavid to Pahlavi Period, researchers studied and analyzed mechanisms of hierarchy in Mian-dar and geometry and circulation in the main three parts of these public baths and their effects on this quality. Concerning this study and analysis on calculations and tables, this paper has found that there is a specific area proportion between Sar-bineh, Mian-dar and Garm-khaneh; The results also show, Corridor (Daalaan) is the main element used in Mian-dar of medium sized bathhouses, which is often U shaped and includes 2 to 4 turns inside itself. But in the large scaled bathhouses, corridors join forces with Vestibules (Hashti) which are halls to access other minor spaces; and in small bathhouses, architects on have only used walls and short turns in combining with corridors to separate two main bathhouses’ spaces, creating a sense of hierarchy.

Keywords: Spatial Sequence, Iranian Bathhouses, Intermediate space, Geometry.

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